Poultry Farming in India [How To Start in 2022]
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Steps to start poultry farming in India
Choose a poultry sector
Poultry farming can be of two types- broilers and layers. The difference is quite simple, broiler chickens are raised for meat, whereas layers are raised for eggs. Therefore, the first step is to choose what kind of business you want to proceed with.
You can also choose multiple sectors among poultry farming, such as meat production, egg production, poultry feed production, chicken breeding (hatchery), and egg/meat processing. The type of poultry sector largely determines your capital costs, equipment, and other requirements.
Choose the type of chicken
Since the broiler chicken breed makes up for most poultry farming, let’s take a deeper look. Broiler chickens can be classified into two types:-
Commercial broiler chicken breeds:
Some of the most common commercial broiler chicken breeds: Hubbard, Cobb, Caribro, Avian, Krishibro, etc.
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Dual-purpose broiler chicken breeds:
Some of the most well-known dual-purpose broiler chicken breeds include Rhode Island Red, New Hampshire, White Plymouth Rock, Gramapriya, etc.
Have a business plan
Like all businesses, poultry farming also requires a well-planned business blueprint. You can always do a little market research before setting the goals of your business.
A typical business plan for a poultry farming business consists of the following details:
- Details of land or space where your farm will be located
- Pieces of equipment to be used in the farm
- Details of types and breeds of birds
- Details of the eggs production process
- Details of broiler breeding process
- Details of human resources
- Cost analysis
- Details of funds and loans
- Marketing strategies and advertising techniques
Arranging capital
The capital and operating costs will primarily depend on the size of your poultry business. For example, if you plan to start a small-scale poultry farm, you will need anywhere between INR 50,000 to INR 1,50,000. As the size increases, the investment might also go up to 10-15 lakhs.
There are many ways you can meet your financial requirements, such as:
- Small business loans
- Borrow from your friends or relatives
- Government schemes
Licensing and registration
Whether you are starting a small or large poultry farm, you need to get your business registered. Some licenses and registration you might need to go through are:
- GST registration
- MSME/SSI registration: If you set up a small to a medium poultry farm, MSME registration is a must. It will make your business eligible to avail of various government schemes and facilities. So, if you wish to get government subsidies or schemes regarding your poultry farm business, you must apply for MSME registration.
- Trade license
- NOC from the local village panchayat
- Pollution certificate
- EPF registration
- Trademark
- FSSAI license
- IEC code
Location of poultry farm
It is essential to choose a feasible location for your poultry farm. The site must have all the necessary facilities like water supply, drainage supply, and electricity supply.Now, the selected area needs to be divided into three parts which are:
- Floor space
- Feeder space
- Waterer space
Note: Avoid setting up a poultry farm in residential areas because poultry farms often produce a foul odor. However, make sure it’s easily accessible to the targeted market.
Setting up the farm and equipment
This step covers building the poultry farm design and buying various equipment. The standard equipment required in a poultry farm can be:- Cages
- Nests
- Feeders
- Waterers
- Coops
- Crates
- Incubator
- Egg tray
- Egg washers
- Lighting fixtures
- Perches
- Brooders or heaters
- Dressing system
- Ventilation system
- Waste disposal system
Hiring and deploying labor
Labour required is directly proportional to the number of birds available in the poultry farm. For beginners, it is safe to start with 200 to 500 birds. Once you gain the experience and understand the workflow, you can manage and expand the number of birds according to yourself.
Marketing
As your farm is set and the poultry products are ready, you need a good marketing strategy to generate profit. Choose the right market to sell your products. For example, if your farm is set up in the city’s outskirts, you can easily become a supplier to the city’s retail shops. Or you can partner with your local poultry distributor and so on.
Other marketing techniques include websites, visiting cards, advertisements, pamphlets, etc.
A poultry farm business can be very promising in terms of production and profits. However, the right business plan and capital investment are the initial steps that help set up the business.
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